Semiconductor-free microscale devices are expected to be realized, thanks to an engineered surface, called a metasurface. The team led by Prof. Dan Sievenpiper from University of California, San Diego has fabricated the first optically-controlled microelectronic device that consists of an engineered metasurface, rather than semiconductor. The metasurface is made of an array of gold mush-room-like nanostructures on an array of parallel gold strips. Using the metamaterials, 1000 percent increase in conductivity can be achieved when being activated by a low voltage and a low power laser. It is possible to break the limits on a device's conductivity, or electron flow ex-hibited by semiconductors.