Coupling systems are the key elements in end-pumped solid-state lasers, the aberrations of which greatly affect the efficiency of the lasers. A laser diode (LD) end-pumped Nd∶YVO4/LBO blue laser at 457 nm was taken as an example, the effects of aberrations of different coupling systems on the beam quality and the output power of the end-pumped solid-state laser were analyzed. At the same incident pump power and the same cavity parameter, the beam quality and the output power were greatly improved using the improved coupling system, at incident pump power of 30 W, continuous-wave output power of 4.3 W at 457 nm was achieved, the optical-to-optical conversion efficiency was 13.7%.