The laser welding with wire is respectively carried out with 6016 and 5182 aluminum alloy plates to study the microstructure and texture under same welding process based on the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique. The results show that the weld seams of 6016 and 5182 alloys consist of columnar dendrites and equiaxed dendrites, and strong texture along the crystallographic direction <100> is observed in columnar dendrite area. The constitutional supercooling and heterogeneous nucleation have common effect on welded joints. Because the heterogeneous nucleation has large effect on the 6016 aluminum alloy joint, the ratio of the equiaxed dendrites in 6016 aluminum alloy is relatively large, the grain orientation randomly distributes, and the main texture of the columnar dendrites is cube texture (<100>{001}). While the heterogeneous nucleation has little effect on the 5182 aluminum alloy joint, the texture of the equiaxed dendrites distributes along <100> direction, the 5182 aluminum alloy joint is mainly consisted of the columnar dendrites, and the textures of the columnar dendrites are the fiber texture (<100>∥RD), cube texture (<100>{001}) and Goss texture (<100>{011}).