La2CaB10O19 (LCB) is a favourable nonlinear optical crystal. Dy3+ doped La2CaB10O19 crystal of good quality with a size of 40 mm×25 mm×15 mm has been grown by the top-seeded solution growth method. The 4F9/2-6H13/2 transition of Dy3+ ion can emit 575 nm yellow laser, which may be applied in the medicine and biological detection. The rocking curve measurement showed that the full width at half maximum is 16.2″ in the b plane. The absorption spectra of Dy3+LCB were measured at room temperature. The sample was excited at the 452 nm radiations and the fluorescence spectrum was obtained, in which the strongest peak was at 575 nm. The fluorescence lifetime was 636 μs at the 575 nm emission. The Judd-Ofelt (J-O) theory was applied to the evaluation of the spectral properties. The J-O parameters, absorption oscillator strength, the absorption and emission cross section and radiative lifetime were calculated which show Dy3+LCB crystal is a promised yellow laser material.