Fig. 1. (a), (b) An example of light intensity profiles before and after wavefront shaping. (c), (d) Performance metrics for an exampled DOPC system⁴: (c) more DoF ($\sim {10}^6$) accompanied with longer latency ($\mathrm{\Delta }t\sim 5.4\mathrm{ms}$) and higher gain; (d) less DoF ($\sim {10}^5$) accompanied with shorter latency ($\mathrm{\Delta }t\sim 1\mathrm{ms}$) and lower gain. The energy gain (theoretically > 1) can be increased by scaling up the power of the reading beam (red arrow). (e), (f) Performance metrics for an exampled AOPC system⁵ : (e) DoF (can be up to ${10}^{10}-{10}^{11}$) and latency ($\mathrm{\Delta }t\sim \text{tens}$ of microseconds) with energy gain <10⁻³; (f) With additional gain enabled by the new setup, HGHS-WFS, energy gain and latency can be improved to 1.05 and $10\mu \mathrm{s}$, respectively.