Tm3+/Ho3+/Yb3+-codoped tellurite glasses are prepared by conventional melt-quenching method. The heavy metal oxide Bi2O3 with lower phonon energy is introduced into the tellurite glass with a composition of TeO2-ZnO-La2O3, and the effect of the Bi2O3 content on the Raman spectra of the matrixes and the upconversion luminescence spectra of the Tm3+/Ho3+/Yb3+-codoped samples are studied. The results show that the intense red (662 nm), green (546 nm) and blue (480 nm) emissions of the tellurite-based glasses are simultaneously observed at room temperature under 975 nm laser diode(LD) excitation. With the increase of the Bi2O3 content, the phonon energy of host glass decreases, and the three fundamental color upconversion luminescence intensities of the Tm3+/Ho3+/Yb3+-codoped glasses enhance accordingly, in which the effect of the Bi2O3 content on the enhancement of the blue luminescence intensity is greater than that of the green and red.