Aiming at the problems of insufficient performance and imperfect technical index evaluation method for solvent cold patching asphalt, the composition was optimized, and the optimum preparation process was determined through experiments. A solvent cold patching asphalt with excellent performance was developed by orthogonal experiment, and the performance evaluation method was optimized. The road performance was verified by comparative experiment. The results show that the optimum mixture ratio of the solvent cold patching asphalt is m(asphalt)∶m(diluent)∶m(tackifier)∶m(surfactant)∶m(fortifier)∶m(anti-stripping agent)=100∶（20~25）∶4∶1∶5∶0.2. The optimum preparation process of the solvent cold patching asphalt is determined as follows: add a certain amount of diluent into the 110 ℃ hot melt asphalt, stir with a high-speed shear for 10 min, then add a mixture of quantitative tackifier, fortifier and surfactant, stir continuously for 10 min, finally add a certain amount of anti-stripping agent and stir for 10 min. Taking all factors into consideration, the optimized performance evaluation method can better reflect the road performance of cold patching asphalt. The solvent cold patching asphalt prepared by orthogonal experiment and optimal preparation process is better than the selected finished cold patching asphalt, and can be mixed to produce a mixture with excellent performance.