Statistical properties of the Rayleigh backscattered light power and phase caused by a highly coherent semiconductor laser from single-mode fiber are presented. Based on the random phasor model, the results show that the probability density function (PDF) of Rayleigh backscattered light power from single-mode fiber follows the modified Rician distribution. The phase distribution of Rayleigh scattered light is approximately Gaussian distribution. The experimental results are shown to correspond to theoretical derivation, and the maximum power of scattered light from different lengths increases linearly with the mean intensity.