• Resources Science
  • Vol. 42, Issue 7, 1236 (2020)
Xuejun DUAN1、2、*, Yazhu WANG1、2、3, JiaYu KANG1、2、3, and Peiyuan BAI1
Author Affiliations
  • 1Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China
  • 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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    DOI: 10.18402/resci.2020.07.02 Cite this Article
    Xuejun DUAN, Yazhu WANG, JiaYu KANG, Peiyuan BAI. Theoretical foundations and measurement system of resource and environmental carrying capacity for village and town development[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(7): 1236 Copy Citation Text show less
    A conceptual framework of village and town development resource and environmental carrying capacity
    Fig. 1. A conceptual framework of village and town development resource and environmental carrying capacity
    Scenarios of the relationship between village and town development and resource and environmental carrying capacity
    Fig. 2. Scenarios of the relationship between village and town development and resource and environmental carrying capacity
    Interactions between the development of villages and towns with small-scale rural economy and resources and environmental quality
    Fig. 3. Interactions between the development of villages and towns with small-scale rural economy and resources and environmental quality
    Interactions between the development of villages and towns with large-scale rural economy and resources and environmental quality
    Fig. 4. Interactions between the development of villages and towns with large-scale rural economy and resources and environmental quality
    Interactions between the development of villages and towns with industrial-dominated economy and resources and environmental quality
    Fig. 5. Interactions between the development of villages and towns with industrial-dominated economy and resources and environmental quality
    Interactions between the development of villages and towns with service-dominated economy and resources and environmental quality
    Fig. 6. Interactions between the development of villages and towns with service-dominated economy and resources and environmental quality
    Interactions between the development of villages and towns with ecological conservation and resources and environmental quality
    Fig. 7. Interactions between the development of villages and towns with ecological conservation and resources and environmental quality
    Calculation system of resource and environmental carrying capacity for villages and towns with small-scale rural economy
    Fig. 8. Calculation system of resource and environmental carrying capacity for villages and towns with small-scale rural economy
    Calculation system of resource and environmental carrying capacity for villages and towns with large-scale rural economy
    Fig. 9. Calculation system of resource and environmental carrying capacity for villages and towns with large-scale rural economy
    Calculation system of resource and environmental carrying capacity system for villages and towns with industrial/services -dominated economy
    Fig. 10. Calculation system of resource and environmental carrying capacity system for villages and towns with industrial/services -dominated economy
    Calculation system of resource and environmental carrying capacity for villages and towns with ecological conservation
    Fig. 11. Calculation system of resource and environmental carrying capacity for villages and towns with ecological conservation
    视角依据类型
    经济发展经济水平落后型、相对落后型、发展中类型、较发达型、发达型
    经济结构均衡发展型、商旅服务型、工业主导型、农业主导型
    主导产业畜牧养殖型、商贸流通型、休闲产业型、工业主导型、旅游产业型
    地理环境生态环境生态保护优先型、生态生产并重型、城镇化发展型
    地形地貌平原型、山地型、丘陵型
    发展与管控集聚提升型、城郊融合型、特色保护型、搬迁撤并型
    区位远郊村型、城郊村型、城中村型
    Table 1. Classification of regional function types of villages and towns
    类型特征案例
    小农经济以自给自足的粮食作物、经济作物种植活动为主要经济活动的村镇遵义市新场村
    大农经济以规模化种植的粮食作物、经济作物为主要经济活动的村镇上海市金山区张堰镇旧港村
    工业发展以制造、加工等工业化手段为主要发展途径的村镇渭南市富平县梅家坪镇岔口村
    商旅服务以农家乐、旅游休闲等商服旅游业为主要发展途径的村镇安徽省查济村
    生态保育存在小规模的人类生产生活活动,以生态环境保护为主的村镇甘南州迭部县尼欠村
    Table 2. Classification and typical representative of regional function types of villages and towns based on comprehensive analysis of multiple factors
    评价体系评价要素计算方式单位
    压力农村人均可支配收入农村人均可支配收入元/人
    人均生活用水量人均生活用水量t/人
    人均GDPGDP/常住人口万元/人
    第三产业占GDP比例第三产业增加值/GDP%
    人均生活污水排放量生活污水排放总量/人口t/人
    状态产水系数水资源总量/年降雨总量无量纲
    水资源开发利用程度总用水量/水资源总量无量纲
    人均水资源量水资源总量/人口t/人
    水资源供需比年水资源供给量/年水资源消耗量无量纲
    水体等级水质等级无量纲
    响应用水丰度年水资源供给量/区域面积t/km2
    再生水利用率再生水利用量/污水处理量%
    污水处理率污水处理量/排污总量%
    水环境优良度监测断面水质量高于Ⅲ类水天数/监测总天数%
    Table 3. Evaluation index of water resource and environmental carrying capacity calculation system
    评价体系评价要素计算方式单位
    压力建设用地空间布局不合理度包含平均地块面积、地块密度、边界密度指数、面积加权形状指数、地块数量破碎化指数等指标的综合无量纲
    建设用地闲置率建设用地闲置量/建设用地总量%
    耕地耕地经营破碎度耕地斑块数量/耕地总面积个/hm2
    耕地土壤盐渍化程度土壤层0.2 m厚度内可溶盐含量mS/cm
    生态用地生态退化度包括生物多样性、景观格局指数变化的综合无量纲
    土壤侵蚀程度平均侵蚀模数t/(hm2·a)
    状态建设用地人均二、三产业产值二、三产业增加值/常住人口万元/人
    人口密度常住人口/土地面积人/km2
    耕地人均粮食产量粮食总产量/常住人口t/人
    消纳畜禽养殖排污区域养殖排污量/耕地面积t/hm2
    生态用地气候调节功能生态用地面积km2
    水源涵养功能水源地保护区面积km2
    响应建设用地建设用地集约利用水平GDP/建设用地面积万元/km2
    耕地基本农田占耕地面积比例基本农田面积/耕地总面积%
    生态用地受保护地占比例生态保护地/区域总面积%
    Table 4. Evaluation index of land resource and environmental carrying capacity calculation system
    评价体系评价要素计算方式单位
    压力环境污染废水排放量年废水排放量t
    化肥施用量年化肥施用量t
    农药施用量年农药施用量t
    状态资源利用人均耕地面积耕地面积/常住人口hm2/人
    人均水资源量水资源量/常住人口t/人
    环境质量水环境优良度监测断面水质量高于Ⅲ类水天数/监测总天数%
    大气优良度年大气优良天数/监测总天数%
    响应人口经济发展人口规模常住人口规模
    非农产业发展二、三产业增加值/GDP%
    生态环境变化植被覆盖率植被覆盖率%
    景观破碎化程度生态用地斑块/区域总面积个/km2
    生物丰富度群落中物种数目/群落面积个/km2
    自然灾害次数年自然灾害发生次数
    水土流失面积年水土流失面积km2
    生态环境保护政策环保投资比例环保投资额/固定资产投资总额%
    受保护地区面积比例保护区面积/区域总面积%
    Table 5. Evaluation index of ecological carrying capacity calculation system
    Xuejun DUAN, Yazhu WANG, JiaYu KANG, Peiyuan BAI. Theoretical foundations and measurement system of resource and environmental carrying capacity for village and town development[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(7): 1236
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