To slove the problem of unbalanced communication performance due to uneven distribution of received optical power in indoor visible light communication, we propose an independent uniform distribution of LED arrays and an improved adaptive genetic algorithm, which is used to optimize the distance between LED arrays and LED half-power angle.The selection operator in genetic algorithm is improved, and the crossover and mutation operations in the algorithm are redesigned. The improved adaptive genetic algorithm is used to optimize the LED half-power angle and the distance between LED arrays.The simulation results show that the received power variance of the receiving plane is reduced from 3.02 dBm to 1.16 dBm and the range of illumination intensity is improved from 374~862 lx to 417~765 lx. Compared with the existing methods of optimizing received optical power, the performance and convergence speed of the algorithm are improved.