Loss-tolerant measurement device independent quantum key distribution with reference frame misalignment

Jipeng Wang; Zhenhua Li; Zhongqi Sun; Tianqi Dou; Wenxiu Qu; Fen Zhou; Yanxin Han; Yuqing Huang; Haiqiang Ma

doi:10.3788/COL202220.092701

[1] C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard. Quantum cryptography: public key distribution and coin tossing. International Conference on Computer System and Signal Processing, 175(1984).

[2] F. Xu, X. Ma, Q. Zhang, H.-K. Lo, J.-W. Pan. Secure quantum key distribution with realistic devices. Rev. Mod. Phys., 92, 025002(2020).

[3] V. Scarani, H. Bechmann-Pasquinucci, N. J. Cerf, M. Dušek, N. Lütkenhaus, M. Peev. The security of practical quantum key distribution. Rev. Mod. Phys., 81, 1301(2009).

[4] Q. Zhang, F. Xu, Y.-A. Chen, C.-Z. Peng, J.-W. Pan. Large scale quantum key distribution: challenges and solutions. Opt. Express, 26, 24260(2018).

[5] N. Lütkenhaus, M. Jahma. Quantum key distribution with realistic states: photon-number statistics in the photon-number splitting attack. New J. Phys., 4, 44(2002).

[6] Y. Zhao, C.-H. Fred Fung, B. Qi, C. Chen, H.-K. Lo. Quantum hacking: experimental demonstration of time-shift attack against practical quantum-key-distribution systems. Phys. Rev. A, 78, 042333(2008).

[7] L. Lydersen, C. Wiechers, C. Wittmann, D. Elser, J. Skaar, V. Makarov. Hacking commercial quantum cryptography systems by tailored bright illumination. Nat. Photonics, 4, 686(2010).

[8] X.-B. Wang. Beating the photon-number-splitting attack in practical quantum cryptography. Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 230503(2005).

[9] H.-K. Lo, X. Ma, K. Chen. Decoy state quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 230504(2005).

[10] Y.-H. Zhou, Z.-W. Yu, X.-B. Wang. Making the decoy-state measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution practically useful. Phys. Rev. A, 93, 042324(2016).

[11] H.-K. Lo, M. Curty, B. Qi. Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. Lett., 108, 130503(2012).

[12] W. Wang, F. Xu, H.-K. Lo. Asymmetric protocols for scalable high-rate measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution networks. Phys. Rev. X, 9, 041012(2019).

[13] Y.-L. Tang, H.-L. Yin, Q. Zhao, H. Liu, X.-X. Sun, M.-Q. Huang, W.-J. Zhang, S.-J. Chen, L. Zhang, L.-X. You, Z. Wang, Y. Liu, C.-Y. Lu, X. Jiang, X. Ma, Q. Zhang, T.-Y. Chen, J.-W. Pan. Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution over untrustful metropolitan network. Phys. Rev. X, 6, 011024(2016).

[14] G.-Z. Tang, S.-H. Sun, C.-Y. Li. Experimental point-to-multipoint plug-and-play measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution network. Chin. Phys. Lett., 36, 070301(2019).

[15] H.-L. Yin, T.-Y. Chen, Z.-W. Yu, H. Liu, L.-X. You, Y.-H. Zhou, S.-J. Chen, Y. Mao, M.-Q. Huang, W.-J. Zhang, H. Chen, M. J. Li, D. Nolan, F. Zhou, X. Jiang, Z. Wang, Q. Zhang, X.-B. Wang, J.-W. Pan. Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution over a 404 km optical fiber. Phys. Rev. Lett., 117, 190501(2016).

[16] K. Wei, W. Li, H. Tan, Y. Li, H. Min, W.-J. Zhang, H. Li, L. You, Z. Wang, X. Jiang, T.-Y. Chen, S.-K. Liao, C.-Z. Peng, F. Xu, J.-W. Pan. High-speed measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with integrated silicon photonics. Phys. Rev. X, 10, 031030(2020).

[17] L. Cao, W. Luo, Y. X. Wang, J. Zou, R. D. Yan, H. Cai, Y. Zhang, X. L. Hu, C. Jiang, W. J. Fan, X. Q. Zhou, B. Dong, X. S. Luo, G. Q. Lo, Y. X. Wang, Z. W. Xu, S. H. Sun, X. B. Wang, Y. L. Hao, Y. F. Jin, D. L. Kwong, L. C. Kwek, A. Q. Liu. Chip-based measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution using integrated silicon photonic systems. Phys. Rev. Appl., 14, 011001(2020).

[18] H. Semenenko, P. Sibson, A. Hart, M. G. Thompson, J. G. Rarity, C. Erven. Chip-based measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution. Optica, 7, 238(2020).

[19] Y. Cao, Y.-H. Li, K.-X. Yang, Y.-F. Jiang, S.-L. Li, X.-L. Hu, M. Abulizi, C.-L. Li, W. Zhang, Q.-C. Sun, W.-Y. Liu, X. Jiang, S.-K. Liao, J.-G. Ren, H. Li, L. You, Z. Wang, J. Yin, C.-Y. Lu, X.-B. Wang, Q. Zhang, C.-Z. Peng, J.-W. Pan. Long-distance free-space measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution(2020).

[20] A. Laing, V. Scarani, J. G. Rarity, J. L. O’Brien. Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. A, 82, 012304(2010).

[21] C.-M. Zhang, J.-R. Zhu, Q. Wang. Practical decoy-state reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. A, 95, 032309(2017).

[22] C. Wang, Z.-Q. Yin, S. Wang, W. Chen, G.-C. Guo, Z.-F. Han. Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution robust against environmental disturbances. Optica, 4, 1016(2017).

[23] H. Liu, J. Wang, H. Ma, S. Sun. Polarization-multiplexing-based measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution without phase reference calibration. Optica, 5, 902(2018).

[24] X.-Y. Zhou, H.-J. Ding, M.-S. Sun, S.-H. Zhang, J.-Y. Liu, C.-H. Zhang, J. Li, Q. Wang. Reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution over 200 km of optical fiber. Phys. Rev. Appl., 15, 064016(2021).

[25] K. Tamaki, H.-K. Lo, C.-H. F. Fung, B. Qi. Phase encoding schemes for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with basis-dependent flaw. Phys. Rev. A, 85, 042307(2012).

[26] X.-B. Wang. Three-intensity decoy-state method for device-independent quantum key distribution with basis-dependent errors. Phys. Rev. A, 87, 012320(2013).

[27] K. Tamaki, M. Curty, G. Kato, H.-K. Lo, K. Azuma. Loss-tolerant quantum cryptography with imperfect sources. Phys. Rev. A, 90, 052314(2014).

[28] Z. Tang, K. Wei, O. Bedroya, L. Qian, H.-K. Lo. Experimental measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with imperfect sources. Phys. Rev. A, 93, 042308(2016).

[29] M. Curty, F. Xu, W. Cui, C. C. W. Lim, K. Tamaki, H.-K. Lo. Finite-key analysis for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution. Nat. Commun., 5, 3732(2014).

[30] H. Chen, X.-B. An, J. Wu, Z.-Q. Yin, S. Wang, W. Chen, Z.-F. Han. Hong–Ou–Mandel interference with two independent weak coherent states. Chin. Phys. B, 25, 020305(2016).

[31] F. Xu, M. Curty, B. Qi, H.-K. Lo. Practical aspects of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution. New J. Phys., 15, 113007(2013).

[32] X. Ma, M. Razavi. Alternative schemes for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. A, 86, 062319(2012).

[33] J.-Y. Liu, X.-Y. Zhou, Q. Wang. Reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution using fewer states. Phys. Rev. A, 103, 022602(2021).

[34] Y. Xue, W. Chen, S. Wang, Z. Yin, L. Shi, Z. Han. Airborne quantum key distribution: a review. Chin. Opt. Lett., 19, 122702(2021).

[35] X. Wang, C. Dong, S. Zhao, Y. Liu, X. Liu, H. Zhu. Feasibility of space-based measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution. New J. Phys., 23, 045001(2021).

[36] J.-Y. Liu, X.-Y. Zhou, C.-H. Zhang, H.-J. Ding, Y.-P. Chen, J. Li, Q. Wang. Boosting the performance of reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution. J. Light. Technol., 39, 5486(2021).

[37] J.-Y. Liu, X.-Y. Zhou, Q. Wang. Reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution using fewer states. Phys. Rev. A, 103, 022602(2021).

Data from CrossRef