Experimental optimal design of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped Ba5Gd8Zn4O21 phosphor and red upconversion luminescence properties

Yue Zhao; Fan Yang; Jia-Shi Sun; Xiang-Ping Li; Jin-Su Zhang; Xi-Zhen Zhang; Sai Xu; Li-Hong Cheng; Bao-Jiu Chen

doi:10.7498/aps.68.20191192

Journals >Acta Physica Sinica >Volume 68 >Issue 21 >Page 213301-1 > Article

Acta Physica Sinica
Vol. 68, Issue 21, 213301-1 (2019)

Experimental optimal design of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped Ba₅Gd₈Zn₄O₂₁ phosphor and red upconversion luminescence properties

Yue Zhao, Fan Yang, Jia-Shi Sun^*, Xiang-Ping Li, Jin-Su Zhang, Xi-Zhen Zhang, Sai Xu, Li-Hong Cheng, and Bao-Jiu Chen

DOI: 10.7498/aps.68.20191192 Cite this Article

Yue Zhao, Fan Yang, Jia-Shi Sun, Xiang-Ping Li, Jin-Su Zhang, Xi-Zhen Zhang, Sai Xu, Li-Hong Cheng, Bao-Jiu Chen. Experimental optimal design of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped Ba₅Gd₈Zn₄O₂₁ phosphor and red upconversion luminescence properties [J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(21): 213301-1 Copy Citation Text

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Up-conversion emission spectra of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped Ba5Gd8Zn4O21 phosphor under 1550 nm laser excitation. Inset picture shows the luminescence intensity of No. 1 sample and the optimal sample for comparison.Er3+/Yb3+共掺Ba5Gd8Zn4O21在1550 nm激光激发下的上转换发射光谱(插图为1号样品与最优样品的发光强度对比)

Fig. 1. Up-conversion emission spectra of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped Ba₅Gd₈Zn₄O₂₁ phosphor under 1550 nm laser excitation. Inset picture shows the luminescence intensity of No. 1 sample and the optimal sample for comparison. Er³⁺/Yb³⁺共掺Ba₅Gd₈Zn₄O₂₁在1550 nm激光激发下的上转换发射光谱(插图为1号样品与最优样品的发光强度对比)

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Up-conversion emission spectra of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped Ba5Gd8Zn4O21 phosphor under 980 nm laser excitation. Inset picture shows the luminescence intensity of No. 3 sample and the optimal sample for comparison.Er3+/Yb3+共掺Ba5Gd8Zn4O21在980 nm激光激发下的上转换发射光谱(插图为3号样品与最优样品的发光强度对比)

Fig. 2. Up-conversion emission spectra of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped Ba₅Gd₈Zn₄O₂₁ phosphor under 980 nm laser excitation. Inset picture shows the luminescence intensity of No. 3 sample and the optimal sample for comparison. Er³⁺/Yb³⁺共掺Ba₅Gd₈Zn₄O₂₁在980 nm激光激发下的上转换发射光谱(插图为3号样品与最优样品的发光强度对比)

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Fig. 3. XRD patterns of samples, and standard peaks of Ba₈Gd₅Zn₄O₂₁ (JCPDS No.51-1686) are included for comparison. 样品的XRD与标准卡片JCPDS No.51-1686图样

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Fig. 4. Dependence of the integrated intensity of up-conversion luminescence on laser working current.上转换发光强度积分与激光器工作电流的依赖关系

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Fig. 5. Dependence of red up-conversion luminescence intensity on temperature under (a) 980 nm and (b) 1550 nm excitation for optimal samples.最优样品在(a) 980 nm与(b) 1550 nm激光激发下的红色上转换发光强度随温度的变化

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Fig. 6. Dependence of red up-conversion luminescence intensity compared with commercial phosphor of NaYF₄ under (a), (b) 980 nm and (c), (d) 1550 nm excitation for optimal samples. 在(a), (b) 980 nm和(c), (d) 1550 nm激光激发下最优样品与NaYF₄商品粉末发光强度的比较

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Fig. 7. The Multiple ratio of red up-conversion luminescence intensity compared with commercial phosphor of NaYF₄ under 980 nm and 1550 nm excitation for optimal samples. 在980 nm和1550 nm激光激发下最优样品与NaYF₄商品粉末发光强度的倍数比

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Fig. 8. Comparison of red up-conversion luminescence intensity of optimal samples at the same power density.相同功率密度下最优样品的红光上转换发光强度比较

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因素试验序号	x₁(Er³⁺)/ mol%	x₂(Yb³⁺)/ mol%	y_{1550 nm}	y_{980 nm}
1	1(1)	4(5.125)	3328.2	62033.4
2	2(2)	8(10.625)	11605.2	101937.9
3	3(3)	3(3.75)	32949.3	90471.5
4	4(4)	7(9.25)	38447.2	99822.8
5	5(5)	2(2.375)	79416.9	69237.5
6	6(6)	6(7.875)	145038.5	123959.0
7	7(7)	1(1)	132225.6	38588.2
8	8(8)	5(6.5)	155258.0	112564.1
9	9(9)	9(12)	105986.7	75933.5

Table 1.

Uniform experimental design.

均匀试验设计

z_j(x_j)	z₁(Er³⁺)/mol%	z₂(Yb³⁺)/mol%
z_2j(2)	9	9
z_0j + ${\varDelta _j} $(1)	8.2680	8.2680
z_0j(0)	6.5	6.5
z_0j – $ {\varDelta _j}$(–1)	4.7320	4.7320
z_1j(–2)	4	4
${\varDelta _j} = \dfrac{{{z_{2j}} - {z_{1j}}}}{{2r}}$	1.7680	1.7680
${x_j} = \dfrac{{{z_j} - {z_{0j}}}}{{{\varDelta _j}}}$	${x_1} = \dfrac{{{z_1} - {\rm{6}}.{\rm{5}}}}{{{\rm{1}}.{\rm{7680}}}}$	${x_2} = \dfrac{{{z_2} - {\rm{6}}.{\rm{5}}}}{{{\rm{1}}.{\rm{7680}}}}$

Table 2.

Natural factors level codes.

自然因素水平编码表

序号	x₀	x₁	x₂	x₁x₂	x₁²	x₂²	y_{1550 nm}	y_{980 nm}
1	1	1	1	1	1	1	129443	76365
2	1	1	–1	–1	1	1	124201	54268
3	1	–1	1	–1	1	1	120440	89291
4	1	–1	–1	1	1	1	100410	65430
5	1	1.414	0	0	2	0	127744	67758
6	1	–1.414	0	0	2	0	101623	73300
7	1	0	1.414	0	0	2	112067	82410
8	1	0	–1.414	0	0	2	109503	53292
9	1	0	0	0	0	0	120229	86752
10	1	0	0	0	0	0	123993	80120
11	1	0	0	0	0	0	124176	82245
12	1	0	0	0	0	0	118780	96762
13	1	0	0	0	0	0	108829	86738

Table 3.

Red luminescence intensity and experiment scheme of quadratic general rotary unitized design.

二次通用旋转组合设计的试验方案及红光发光强度

方差来源	偏差平方和1	偏差平方和2	自由度	t₁统计量及F₁比	t₂统计量及F₂比	显著性水平α₁	显著性水平α₂	显著性1	显著性2
注: **极高显著水平(α ≤ 0.01); 高显著性水平(α ≤ 0.1); 显著水平(α ≤ 0.25); 较显著水平(α ≤ 0.4).
x₀	—	—	1	42.61	30.19	0.001	0.001	****	****
x₁	—	—	1	2.30	1.03	0.1	0.4	***	*
x₂	—	—	1	0.95	2.80	0.4	0.02	*	***
x₁x₂	—	—	1	1.18	0.14	0.4	0.9	*	不显著
x₁²	—	—	1	0.29	3.05	0.8	0.02	不显著	***
x₂²	—	—	1	1.11	3.60	0.4	0.02	*	***
回归	991488682.6	1960893448	5	12.03	18.77	0.01	0.01	****	****
剩余	115427203	146280989.8	7	—	—	—	—	—	—
失拟	43457130.87	15074730.26	3	1.11	0.37	0.01	0.01	****	****
误差	156531329.6	164236197.2	4	—	—	—	—	—	—
总和	1106915886	2107174438	12	—	—	—	—	—	—

Table 4.

T-test and F-test with analysis of variance of red light

红光的T-检验及F-检验方差分析

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