The invention of superfine cement is mainly to solve the problem that particles size of ordinary cement are too large to effectively inject into fine cracks. Superfine cement combines the good durability of ordinary cement and the high fluidity of chemical grouting materials. It has become an important beginning for cement-based materials to change from traditional materials to high-tech materials, which is widely used in engineering. The main progress made by scholars at home and abroad in the research of superfine cement in the past 20 years was reviewed and summarized. The production technology of dry grinding and wet grinding and their advantages and disadvantages were compared and analyzed. The rheology, volume stability and mechanical properties of superfine cement compared with those of ordinary cement were compared. Furthermore, the influences of the addition fly ash, mineral powder and other admixtures on the performance of superfine cement slurry were summarized. On this basis, the application of superfine cement in reinforcement and plugging technology was summarized, aiming to provide relevant references for the production process, basic properties and related engineering applications of superfine cement.