Gradient refractive index infrared imaging system can greatly reduce the sizeweight and cost of system while maintaining imaging performancewhich is expected to advance the development of infrared imaging system towards lightweight and compactness. Howevercurrently available infrared gradient refractive index optical materials are not accessible. Based on 65GeS2-25In2S3-10CsCl chalcogenide glassa gradient temperature field was used to thermally induce the precipitation of axially gradient-distributed β-In2S3 nanocrystals to produce a gradient refractive index transparent chalcogenide glass-ceramics. The results show that the precipitated β-In2S3 crystals are polycrystalline structures composed of nanocrystals with different crystallographic orientationswith a size of about 25 nmand the size and number of crystals are closely related to gradient temperature field. The gradient refractive index chalcogenide glass-ceramics still maintain good transmission in long-wave infraredand their maximum refractive index difference Δn reaches 0.047 at 10 μm.