Sea ice is one of the most important factors restricting the development of the Arctic Ocean passage. The medium resolution spectral imager (MERSI) onboard Storm III satellite (FY-3) has the advantage of large scanning range, so it is available to collect observational data of the same area in the Polar Regions more than five times within a day. It helps to monitor sea ice in the Arctic Ocean dynamically. Using MERSI multi bands data, the sea ice distribution information around Greenland on June 13, 2011, is obtained accurately by the presented method. Firstly, it was necessary to carry out radiometric calibration, projection and other preprocessing to the data. Secondly, taking two bands ratio and normalized different snow index (NDSI) as the recognition parameters, the sea ice, water and cloud were distinguished by the maximum between-class variance threshold method. This results can provide technical support for the application of domestic satellite data in optimal route selection and shipping security in the Arctic Ocean.