Chemiluminescence is an inartificial indicator of flame structure and combustion processes, but the study on the measurement and diagnosis of turbulent flames using chemiluminescence is relatively rare. A piloted jet burner was designed to investigate the chemiluminescence of OH* and CH* in laminar and turbulent premixed flames, in order to study and develop the turbulent combustion theory further. Chemiluminescence images of OH* and CH* at varying velocities (u), and equivalent ratio (φ) were captured by employing ICCD cameras with filters and characterized by the height (h), the peak position (yp), the ratio of the intense reaction zone (s), and the peak value (P). Results show that the distribution of OH* is different from that of CH* in laminar flames, while the effect of turbulence leads to a similar distribution of the two. With the increase of φ, the h of OH* and CH* rises monotonically at different speeds, but the increasing trend of turbulence is relatively gentle. It should be mentioned that the variation trend of yp is consistent with the h, which indicates the dominant formation reaction of the radicals remains unchanged. The performance of s in the laminar and turbulent state is visibly opposite. From fuel-deficient to fuel-enriched state, the sof laminar flow decreases from 0.1 to 0.05, while that of turbulence increases from 0.05 to 0.1, suggesting that turbulence acts as an inhibitor and an accelerator under fuel-deficient and fuel-enriched state respectively. In addition, it is found that the P of OH* and CH* can be used to judge the flow state of flame, and that of CH* is particularly evident. As φ increases, if the P rises first and then decreases, the flames can be considered as laminar; if it increases monotonically, the flames are turbulent. Taking the u and φ as independent variables and the peak ratio of OH* and CH* as dependent variables, a unified formula for quantifying the φ by chemiluminescence under different u is proposed. It solves the problem that it needs to be fitted separately at different u, which is of considerable significance to the subsequent research on combustion diagnosis based on chemiluminescence.