The open-loop all-optical chaotic communication system based on a fiber channel is established according to the equations of semiconductor laser with external feedback and fiber transmission. Two encryption methods for message, i.e. chaotic modulation and chaotic shift keying are considered. The advanced adjusted subtraction demodulation method is used to recover the encrypted message. Meanwhile, the performance of the system is measured by the decoding Q factor. Four kinds of fiber channel are constructed by setting single mode fiber and dispersion compensation fiber in different orders. The influence of the structures on the communication performance of the system is analyzed by numerical simulation. The result indicates that reserving a small negative accumulated dispersion in the fiber channel helps to improve the performance of remote transmission. The two symmetrical structures, i.e. middle and two-side compensations, have similar performances. The Symmetrical structures are superior to the asymmetrical structures, i.e., anterior and posterior compensations, and therefore suitable for the application of remote and high-speed open-loop all-optical chaotic communications. In addition, the chaotic modulation method is always superior to the chaotic shift keying method for the remote and high-speed chaos laser communication whatever the structures of the fiber channel are.