Effects of Early-Strength and Antifreeze Agents on Properties of Different Types of Air Entraining Agents

XIA Qiang; WEN Jinbao; TANG Xiusheng; DU Zhiqin; LIU Xingrong

[3] POWERS T C. A working hypothesis for further studies of frost resistance of concrete［J］. Journal of the American Concrete Institute, 1945, 16(4): 245-272.

[4] POWERS T C, HELMUTH R A. Theory of volume changes in hardened Portland cement pastes during freezing［J］. Proceedings of the Highway Research Board, 1953, 32: 285-297.

[5] SHAH H A, YUAN Q, ZUO S H. Air entrainment in fresh concrete and its effects on hardened concrete-a review［J］. Construction and Building Materials, 2021, 274: 121835.

[6] DU L X, FOLLIARD K J. Mechanisms of air entrainment in concrete［J］. Cement and Concrete Research, 2005, 35(8): 1463-1471.

[7] ZHANG P, WITTMANN F H, VOGEL M, et al. Influence of freeze-thaw cycles on capillary absorption and chloride penetration into concrete［J］. Cement and Concrete Research, 2017, 100: 60-67.

[10] ZHANG F, BAI Y, CAI Y B. Early strength and microstructure of Portland cement mixed with calcium bromide at 5 ℃［J］. Construction and Building Materials, 2021, 271: 121508.

[15] RATH S, OUCHI M, PUTHIPAD N, et al. Improving the stability of entrained air in self-compacting concrete by optimizing the mix viscosity and air entraining agent dosage［J］. Construction and Building Materials, 2017, 148: 531-537.

[17] SHI Y, YANG H Q, ZHOU S H, et al. Effect of atmospheric pressure on performance of AEA and air entraining concrete［J］. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, 2018: 1-7.

[19] MIN T B, CHO I S, PARK W J, et al. Experimental study on the development of compressive strength of early concrete age using calcium-based hardening accelerator and high early strength cement［J］. Construction and Building Materials, 2014, 64: 208-214.

[20] ROSEN M J, KUNJAPPU J T. Surfactants and interfacial phenomena［M］. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012.

[22] ZHOU Q, ROSEN M J. Molecular interactions of surfactants in mixed monolayers at the air/aqueous solution interface and in mixed micelles in aqueous media: the regular solution approach［J］. Langmuir, 2003, 19(11): 4555-4562.

[23] NAQVI A Z, NOORI S, KABIR-UD-DIN. Effect of surfactant structure on the mixed micelle formation of cationic gemini-zwitterionic phospholipid systems［J］. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2015, 477: 9-18.

[25] QIAO M, SHAN G C, CHEN J, et al. Effects of salts and adsorption on the performance of air entraining agent with different charge type in solution and cement mortar［J］. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 242: 118188.

[28] ATAHAN H N, CARLOS C JR, CHAE S JR, et al. The morphology of entrained air voids in hardened cement paste generated with different anionic surfactants［J］. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2008, 30(7): 566-575.

[30] MERLIN F, GUITOUNI H, MOUHOUBI H, et al. Adsorption and heterocoagulation of nonionic surfactants and latex particles on cement hydrates［J］. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2005, 281(1): 1-10.

[31] NADEN B J. Competitive adsorption of surfactant foaming agents to nanoclays added to cement foams for enhanced strength［J］. Materials and Structures, 2016, 49(5): 1667-1675.