Aiming at the rapid change of relative position for the airborne platform and the gradual miniaturization and weight reduction of the airborne equipment, a coaxial dual-optical pathtracking communication integrated receiving optical system based on the method of large-field staring scanning was proposed with high frame rates complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) capture, fast steering mirror (FSM) adjustment tracking and avalanche photo diode (APD) communication. The working principle and scheme of the system were introduced. A set of verification system was designed, and the tracking and aiming performance of the system was optimized and analyzed. The tracking optical path field of view was up to ±175 mrad, and 90% of the energy spot diameter was less than 10 μm. The communication optical path field of view was up to ±13 mrad, and the root-mean-square(RMS) diameter was less than 3.5 μm. Taking into account the particularity of airborne application, the stray light characteristics and tolerance effects of the system were further analyzed. The results indicate that the scheme satisfies the requirements of high probability capture, high precision tracking, aiming and miniaturization, which has certain reference significance for airborne laser communication.