In the early nineties of last century, great importance had been gradually attached to the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in the human body noninvasive biochemical examination. However, the human body is extremely complex. Although research teams have made some achievements in experimental simulations and in-vitro analysis, there is still no substantive breakthrough in clinical application now. The present paper discusses the key problems which prevent NIRS from achieving human noninvasive clinical biochemical examination, such as weak signal, the interference of human tissue background and the problem of blood volume change. The thoughts of noninvasive biomedical examination using NIRS are divided into two categories in terms of analytical method, that is classical near-infrared analysis and issue background interference elimination analysis. This paper also introduces in detail the current status of the two categories in the world, and believes that the second category is more promising to be successful in clinical application under the existing conditions.