Fig. 1. Location of study area and distribution of data
Fig. 2. Photons separated by quadtree
Fig. 3. Tree structure of photons separated by quadtree
Fig. 4. Photons incorrectly separated by quadtree
Fig. 5. Tree structure of photons incorrectly separated by quadtree
Fig. 6. Photons separated by pruned quadtree
Fig. 7. Tree structure of photons separated by pruned quadtree
Fig. 8. Outlier detection by box-plot
Fig. 9. Initial point cloud in study area 1
Fig. 10. Initial point cloud in study area 2
Fig. 11. Denoising result of quadtree method in study area1
Fig. 12. Denoising result of pruned quadtree method in study area1
Fig. 13. Denoising result of quadtree method and second-level denoising in study area 1
Fig. 14. Denoising result of pruned quadtree method and second-level denoising in study area 1
Fig. 15. Ground curves in study area 1
Fig. 16. Denoising result of quadtree method in study area 2
Fig. 17. Denoising result of pruned quadtree method in study area 2
Fig. 18. Denoising result of quadtree method and second-level denoising in study area 2
Fig. 19. Denoising result of pruned quadtree method and second-level denoising in study area 2
Fig. 20. Canopy top curves in study area 2
Fig. 21. Ground curves in study area 2
Algorithm | RMSE/m | |
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Quadtree method | 10.51 | 0.713 | Proposed method | 0.91 | 0.997 |
|
Table 1. Ground accuracy evaluation in study area 1
Algorithm | /m | |
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Quadtree method | 90.17 | 0.400 | Proposed method | 3.56 | 0.998 |
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Table 2. Canopy top accuracy evaluation in study area 2
Algorithm | /m | |
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Quadtree method | 90.92 | 0.156 | Proposed method | 2.47 | 0.999 |
|
Table 3. Ground accuracy evaluation in study area 2