The varation of main element contents in pure water is measured and analyzed during a short-time hydrolization of Nd-doped phosphate laser glass. To characterize the glass surface structure, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used before and after the hydrolization. As the major network former, P5+ shows a similar hydrolization behavior like network modifiers of Li+ , K + , Ba2 + . Their dissolution rates are in the same order of magnitude and their ion concentrations gradually saturate during this short-time hydrolization, in agreement with the typical hydrolization behavior for most of phosphate glasses. Especially for Al in the glass sheets and glass powders, probably as network former and/or modifier, its content in the water shows a non-monotonic relation with hydrolization time. According to XPS analysis for Al2p binding energy, Al acts as both network former and network modifier in our Nd-doped phosphate laser glass. Before hydrolization, more Al acts as network former. During the hydrolization process, more Al acts as network modifier. Such a structure characterization may account for its non-monotonic hydrolization behavior, as well as the reason that the water durability can be enhanced by adding Al2O3 into phosphate laser glass.