The traditional experimental teaching based on large-scale instruments has many limitations in hardware and software matching and practical ability training. In order to improve the effectiveness of experimental teaching and expand the breadth and depth of knowledge, the virtual simulation technology has been used in the classroom. However, operation through virtual experiment has both advantages and disadvantages, which could not completely meet the purpose of experimental teaching. To find a scientific and reasonable way for the curriculum construction and talent training, taking the course of “Characterization and Imaging Technology of Biological Macromolecules” as an example, the mode of virtual-actual combination is adopted, which means the virtual simulation experiment should be used to assist the on-site practice teaching, and the online-offline assessment standards need to be set, so that the “diversity” would been reflected in the composition of knowledge modules and teaching forms. In addition, a parallel controlled experiment is introduced into practice teaching in order to analyze data scientifically and rationally, which can optimize human and material resources and ensure the fairness and effectiveness of course assessment.