In recent yearsthe removal of heavy metal ions is one of the difficult problems faced by water treatment under complex environments. Characterized by high-temperature resistance and strong acid resistancethree-dimensional SiO2 prepared by electrospinning is an ideal precursor material for water treatment in complex environments. SiO2@PEBS nanofiber cotton was prepared by in situ polymerization of ethylene benzenesulfonic acid and diethylbenzene monomer catalyzed by initiator azobisisobutyronitrile on three-dimersional SiO2 nanofiber cotton as the substraterealizing the uniform coating of polyvinylbenzene sulfonate acid on the surface of SiO2 nanofiber cotton. The morphology and chemical composition of SiO2@PEBS nanofiber cotton were revealed using SEM and FT-IRand the thermal stability of the sample was tested with a thermogravimetric analyzer. The adsorption regeneration performance of nanofiber fiber wool under high temperature and acidic conditions was investigated. The results show that SiO2@PEBS nanofiber cotton has high adsorption capacity on Cu2+Cd2+ and Pb2+. Under pH value of 5.5 and initial ion concentration of 100 mg/Lthe adsorption capacity of Cu2+Cd2+ and Pb2+ is 73.091.0 and 161.0 mg/grespectively. At 80 ℃the adsorption capacity still reaches 81.064.0 and 123.0 mg/grespectively. The adsorption process conforms to pseudo second-order kinetics and Langmuir isothermal adsorptionwith high regeneration performance. After 10 times ion adsorption and desorption cyclesthe capacity retention rates for Cu2+Cd2+ and Pb2+ are 835%811% and 776%respectively.