A finite element software ABAQUS was used to establish a 1/4 symmetric model of falling hammer impacting polyvinyl butyral ester (PVB) laminated glass plate, and a zero-thickness cohesion unit was inserted between grid cells of laminated glass to simulate the impact damage process of laminated glass. Under the case of a constant thickness, the effects of number of glass layers and PVB thickness on the impact resistance of laminated glass were analyzed. The results show that under the condition of constant total thickness, the effect of number of glass layers on the impact damage performance of laminated glass is more significant. Assuming that glass thickness is certain, when the PVB thickness h≤1.9 mm, the appropriate reduction of PVB thickness can improve the energy-absorbing effect of double laminated glass. When the PVB thickness h>1.9 mm, the appropriate increase in thickness of PVB can improve the energy-absorbing effect of double laminated glass. For three-layer laminated glass, the change of upper layer of PVB thickness has a more obvious effect on the impact resistance of glass, and the appropriate reduction of upper layer of PVB thickness improves the energy-absorbing effect of three-layer laminated glass.