The last decade is of great significance for the development of slow light technology. In order to study on the slow light technology deeply, several kinds of slowing light technologies, such as Electromagnetically Induced Transparency(EIT), Coherent Population Oscillation(CPO), Stimulated Brillouin Scattering(SBS) and photonic crystal waveguide, were contrasted and analyzed. Also some important theoretical and technical developments to improve performance of slow light in last decade were introduced, and then problems and shortcomings existing in slowing technology were discussed. Finally,this paper focuses on some novel technologies of slowing down light velocity and their primary applications. Moreover, it forecasts the future developing trends of slow light and its potential applications. Through research on slow light, results show that slow light will realize more and more significant application values in the field of optical fiber sensing and other fields.