To study the influence of different mass ratio of coarse particles (0.075~4.75 mm) to stone powder (<75 μm) of manufactured sand on the performance of rock powder concrete, rock powder (limestone powder and granite powder) was used to replace manufactured sand with different mass ratio to prepare high-strength concrete. The evolution laws of concrete fluidity, compressive strength, and durability (drying shrinkage and electric flux) under different sand-powder ratio were tested. The results show that when the sand-powder ratio of manufactured sand is not less than 9, the reduction of sand-powder ratio is conducive to improve the workability of concrete mixture and enhance the compressive strength and durability of concrete. Further reducing the sand-powder ratio has little effect on the drying shrinkage performance, but it is unfavorable to the fluidity, mechanical properties, and chloride ion permeability of concrete. Reducing the sand-powder ratio is conducive to improve the compactness of manufactured sand concrete. However, too low sand-powder ratio is easy to increase the water demand of concrete, and the content of free stone powder particles is too high, which will weaken the spatial structure of hydration products, and be unfavorable to the performance of concrete.