With the widespread application of ultraviolet spectroscopy, low-cost portable ultraviolet spectrometer has become a research focus in this field. Firstly, the optical structure of the portable UV-VIS spectrometer was designed based on the crossed-asymmetric Czerny-Turner structure in the paper. Secondly, the key devices of ultraviolet spectrometer, namely ultraviolet detectors and blazed gratings, were studied. The coated UV-enhanced CCDs were fabricated using Lumogen fluorescent materials and vacuum coating methods. The influence of the position on the CCD surface of the fluorescent film on the resolution was analyzed. The effect of blazed gratings on the multi-order diffraction efficiency in the ultraviolet region was theoretically studied. Finally, the test results of performance of a portable UV-VIS spectrometer prototype show that the resolution of the 200 nm~900 nm band, 25 μm slit width, 600 lp/mm, 300 nm blazed grating configuration is less than 1.5 nm and the spectral responsivity increases to 20% in the spectral range varying from 200 nm to 300 nm, which meets the design requirements of the portable UV-VIS spectrometer.