he typical atmosphere optical characteristics of Beijing Olympic Games were measured and analyzed with Raman lidar from Aug. 7th to Aug. 25th in 2008. The vertical profile and spatio-temporal distribution of aerosol extinction coefficient, backscatter signal and the ratio of extinction at different wavelength were shown, and the ratio of aerosol extinction and backscattering, optical depth and Angstrom exponent were calculated respectively. The variability of aerosol optical characteristics and the possible cause of formation were analyzed in combination with the ground level monitoring data. The results show that the heavy air pollution from Aug. 8th to 9th in 2008 is mainly caused by biggish size particles, the aerosol optical depth increases with small size contaminant accumulation after rain, and the Raman lidar is a flexible tool for atmosphere optical characteristics measurement.