The optical wireless/radio frequency hybrid communication system compensates for the limitations of a single communication system, compensates for the shortcomings of radio frequency communication while maximizing the advantages of optical wireless communication, significantly improves the availability and reliability of the link, and provides a unique solution for future high-speed and high-capacity information transmission. The research progress of optical wireless/radio frequency hybrid communication system was reviewed in recent years, the working principles and applications of different hybrid communication system models were firstly introduced, then the challenges and solutions of the hybrid communication system were discussed, and finally the future development trend of optical wireless/radio frequency hybrid communication system was looked forward, aiming to lay the foundation for further research and development of optical wireless/radio frequency hybrid communication system.