Microstructure, phase structure, tempering stability and high-temperature wear resistance of laser melted layer of high-Cr steel roller are analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The tests show that after laser treatment the cross section of melted surface is divided into melted zone, heat affected zone (HAZ) and the matrix. The matrix consists of martensite and reticular M7C3 carbides. Laser surface melting leads to the complete dissolution of brittle carbides, and the structure of the melted zone is refined highly consisting of austenite and M23C6 carbide particles. The HAZ consists of crypto-crystal martensite, retained austenite and dispersed carbides. Combined effects of grain refining strengthening, solution strengthening and dislocation strengthening lead to the obvious enhancement of tempering stability of laser melted zone and the hardness reaches a peak of 672 HV at 560 ℃ due to secondary hardening. Laser melted layer has excellent high-temperature wear resistance under high-temperature sliding wear test condition.