In order to study the steel fiber orientation distribution law of steel fiber cementitious composites, considering the two factors of orientation time and sand content, 32 specimens were made based on the steel fiber orientation equipment independently developed in the team. Under the constant magnetic field, the gradient orientation time and sand content steel fiber orientation tests were carried out systematically, using COMSOL finite element to simulate the magnetic field distribution of orientation tests, and using CT-X-ray scanning technology to obtain the cross-section images of different specimens. The orientation coefficient of steel fiber was calculated, and the orientation law of steel fiber under the influence of gradient orientation time and sand content were discussed. The results show that with the increase of orientation time, the orientation coefficient of steel fiber under the condition of the same sand content increases rapidly at the initial stage, and then slows down gradually and finally tends to be stable. Under the same orientation time, too high or too low sand content will adversely affect the orientation efficiency of steel fiber, and controlling the sand content at about 40% can obtain relatively ideal steel fiber orientation effect.