Author Affiliations
1School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China2Institute of Micro-nano Optoelectronics and Terahertz Technology,Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China3Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Picosecond laser parallel processing system based on spatial light modulator
Fig. 2. Flowchart of GS algorithm
Fig. 3. Flowchart of GS-GA algorithm
Fig. 4. Flowchart of feedback GS-GA algorithm
Fig. 5. Influence of zero-order beam and its elimination method. (a) Effect of zero-order beam on multi-beam splitting; (b) effect of zero-order beam on processing; (c) zero-order beam elimination method
Fig. 6. Beam splitting effects of three algorithms captured by camera. (a1)(a2)(a3) GS algorithm; (b1)(b2)(b3) GS-GA algorithm;(c1)(c2)(c3) feedback GS-GA algorithm
Fig. 7. Beam splitting processing effects of three different algorithms. (a1)(a2)(a3) GS algorithm; (b1)(b2)(b3) GS-GA algorithm;(c1)(c2)(c3) feedback GS-GA algorithm
Fig. 8. Ways to selecting holes. (a) Serial numbers of holes under cross arrangement; (b) serial numbers of holes under annular arrangement; (c) serial numbers of holes under 8×8 array arrangement
Fig. 9. Machining hole diameters and depths obtained by three algorithms. (a) Machining hole diameter under cross arrangement; (b) machining hole depth under cross arrangement.(c) machining hole diameter under annular arrangement; (d) machining hole depth under annular arrangement; (e) machining hole diameter under 8×8 array arrangement; (f) machining hole depth under 8×8 array arrangement
Fig. 10. Processing effects of 10×10 beam array generated by feedback GS-GA algorithm on aluminum sample. (a) Full view of aluminum sample after processing; (b) 3D morphology of hole array; (c) depth of first row of holes; (d) depth of fifth row of holes; (e) depth of sixth row of holes; (f) depth of tenth row of holes
Parameter | Spot diameter | Wavelength | Pulse duration | Frequency | Linear polarization degree | Beam quality | Beam mode |
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Content | 3 mm | 1064 nm | 15 ps | 500 kHz | 100∶1 | M2<1.3 | TEM00 |
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Table 1. Main parameters of picosecond laser
Parameter | Resolution | Pixel pitch | Effective area | Fill factor | Input signal level | Recommended average power | Refresh rate |
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Value | 1272 pixel×1024 pixel | 12.5 μm | 15.9 mm×12.8 mm | 96% | 256 | ≤100 W | 60 Hz |
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Table 2. Main parameters of spatial light modulators
Beam arrangement | GS algorithm | | GS-GA algorithm | | Feedback GS-GA algorithm |
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Runtime | Number of iterations | | Runtime | Number of population updates | | Runtime | Number of population updates |
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Cross | <1 min | 45 | | 3.5 h | 22 | | 6 h | 28 | Circle | <1 min | 50 | | 3 h | 19 | | 5 h | 25 | 8×8 array | <1 min | 43 | | 6.5 h | 40 | | 14.5 h | 57 |
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Table 3. Running time of GS algorithm, GS-GA algorithm and feedback GS-GA algorithm
Beam arrangement | Uniformity of GS algorithm /% | Uniformity of GS-GA algorithm /% | Uniformity of feedback GS-GA algorithm /% |
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Cross | 64.3 | 82.3 | 93.8 | Circle 8×8 array | 75.8 59.4 | 84.2 68.3 | 95.1 94.5 |
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Table 4. Energy uniformity of split beams generated by GS algorithm, GS-GA algorithm, and feedback GS-GA algorithm under different arrangements
Beam arrangement | Hole diameter uniformity | | |
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GS algorithm | GS-GA algorithm | Feedback GS-GA algorithm |
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Cross | 65.3% | 80.6% | 92.5% | 14.8% | 41.7% | Annular | 70.8% | 83.1% | 93.7% | 12.8% | 32.3% | 8×8 array | 52.9% | 67.1% | 94.3% | 40.5% | 72.9% |
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Table 5. Machining hole diameter uniformity obtained through GS algorithm, GS-GA algorithm, and feedback GS-GA algorithm under different arrangements
Beam arrangement | Hole depth uniformity | | |
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GS algorithm | GS-GA algorithm | Feedback GS-GA algorithm |
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Cross | 60.2% | 74.3% | 85.1% | 14.5% | 40.1% | Annular | 63.0% | 77.2% | 86.7% | 12.3% | 37.6% | 8×8 array | 59.4% | 74.7% | 85.1% | 13.9% | 43.3% |
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Table 6. Machining hole depth uniformity obtained through GS algorithm, GS-GA algorithm, and feedback GS-GA algorithm under different arrangements