Transparent ceramic is a kind of inorganic nonmetallic material with broad application prospects. However, the traditional preparation strategy based on powder sintering has technical limitations of relying on high-quality raw material powder, requiring long time high temperature treatment, complex equipment and process, and high production cost. Glass crystallization is a new method to achieve full crystallization of glass and obtain transparent ceramics by controlling the crystallization process. This method can overcome the technical difficulties associated with the traditional transparent ceramic processing. Meanwhile, it also shows unique advantages in preparing high density, pore-free, non-cubic phase, nanostructured transparent ceramics and has attracted significant attention. In this paper, the development and research status of glass crystallization method were reviewed in detail from two aspects: fully glass-crystallization of oxide transparent ceramics and related component systems. Then, the problems existing in the current research were pointed out, and the future development prospects were prospected. It is expected that this method can be widely used to prepare the next generation of high performance transparent ceramic materials.