In order to calibrate the color resolution of a color camera, an experimental prototype is designed which consists of a double discrete color source, a reflective collimating optical system and four-bar target panel. The dual discrete color sources respectively produce a foreground and background color beam passing through a collimating optical system, and then form a four-bar synthetic image on the color CCD. In the experiment, we extracts the stripe from the target image at each frequency and calculates the color difference of each pixel. Then, we use the criterion to mark the detectable pixels and define the minimum resolvable E difference (MRED) and the minimum detectable E difference (MDED) as two indexes to objectively evaluate the color resolution of the color camera.