Based on the near-field optical fiber temperature probe, a nondestructive cell temperature measurement method is proposed. The probe has a temperature sensitivity of 0.16 nm/℃. To achieve nondestructive scanning, the distance between the probe and the sample surface is maintained constant during scanning via feedback control of the tuning fork. At the same time, the probe measures the sample temperature through the response of fluorescence collected by the probe to the temperature change. Both the fixed U87MG cell with gold nanoparticles and the living U87MG cell without gold nanoparticles are measured using the near-field optical fiber probe. A maximum temperature difference of 4 ℃ is measured on the fixed cell surface, and 0.5 ℃ is measured on the living cell surface. The cells have the same morphology before and after scanning, indicating that the probe has caused nondestructive damage. The temperature measurement method proposed in this study, when combined with the temperature sensitivity and liquid environment stability of quantum dots fluorescence, as well as the nondestructive property of near-field optical technology, presents a better method for the nondestructive study of living cells.