Researching | NVPCA Image Enhancement‑Based Detection Method for Sidelobe Peak Parameters in Weak Signal Regions

Journals >Chinese Journal of Lasers >Volume 51 >Issue 6 >Page 0604003 > Article

Chinese Journal of Lasers
Vol. 51, Issue 6, 0604003 (2024)

NVPCA Image Enhancement‑Based Detection Method for Sidelobe Peak Parameters in Weak Signal Regions

Zhengzhou Wang, Li Wang, Yaxuan Duan^*, Gang Li, and Jitong Wei

Author Affiliations

Laboratory Advanced Optical Instrument, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi , China

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DOI: 10.3788/CJL231185 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Zhengzhou Wang, Li Wang, Yaxuan Duan, Gang Li, Jitong Wei. NVPCA Image Enhancement‑Based Detection Method for Sidelobe Peak Parameters in Weak Signal Regions[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(6): 0604003 Copy Citation Text

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Neighborhood information for each pixel in the image. (a) Access order; (b) the gray for each pixel

Fig. 1. Neighborhood information for each pixel in the image. (a) Access order; (b) the gray for each pixel

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Flow chart of sidelobe weak signal peak parameter detection

Fig. 2. Flow chart of sidelobe weak signal peak parameter detection

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Fig. 3. Building a multi-dimensional data cube. (a) Original sidelobe laser image; (b) multi-dimensional data cube

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Fig. 4. NVPCA transformation results. (a) The first dimension image; (b) the second dimension image; (c) the third dimension image; (d) the fourth dimension image; (e) NVPCA transform eigenvalues

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Fig. 5. Image of angle transformation result

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Fig. 6. Peak parameter detection results of NVPCA transform one-dimensional sidelobe curve (Y=256 pixel)

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Fig. 7. Maximum wave peak loops detection results

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Fig. 8. Gray scale maximum curves of 5 maximum wave peak loops in each direction (after NVPCA transformation)

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Fig. 9. Original sidelobe images. (a) Two-dimensional image; (b) three-dimensional image

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Fig. 10. NVPCA transformation sidelobe images. (a) Two-dimensional image; (b) three-dimensional image

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Fig. 11. Comparison of peak signal before and after NVPCA transformation (Y=256 pixel)

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Fig. 12. Comparison of peak gray maximum in all directions (0°‒360°) of 5 peak loops before and after NVPCA transformation

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Fig. 13. Comparison of peak loops with different sampling angle intervals. (a) Sampling interval is 0.5° and sampling points is 720; (b) sampling interval is 0.125° and sampling points is 2880

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Fig. 14. Schematic diagrams of angle transformation (30° to 60°)

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Fig. 15. Display of one-dimensional sidelobe curve peak parameter detection results in 2D plane mode (30°)

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Fig. 16. Display of one-dimensional sidelobe curve peak parameter detection results in 1D curve mode (30°)

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Sidelobe No.	Peak No.	Pos. X	Peak value	Rise/fall	Pulse width	Gray integration	Peak No.	Pos. X	Peak value	Rise/fall	Pulse width	Gray integration
Sidelobe No.	Left						Right
1	7	160	705.46	16/22	38	9993.5	11	354	705.46	12/17	29	9627.3
2	6	133	348.23	14/12	26	4662.0	12	381	372.24	11/15	26	4602.0
3	5	107	198.13	15/13	28	2656.7	13	410	201.13	15/12	27	2647.7
4	4	81	138.09	15/12	27	1705.1	14	432	129.08	11/14	25	1383.9
5	3	49	99.06	9/18	27	1182.8	15	462	111.07	17/8	25	762.5

Table 1. Peak parameter detection results of NVPCA transform one-dimensional sidelobe curve (Y=256 pixel)

Peak ring			Threshold
Ring No.	${\bar{P}}_{i}$		k=1	k=2	k=3	k=4	k=5
Ring No.	${\bar{P}}_{i}$		46.3786	63.3824	80.3943	97.3925	114.4023
1	715.3436		OK	OK	OK	OK	OK
2	355.7512		OK	OK	OK	OK	OK
3	204.6734		OK	OK	OK	OK	OK
4	133.5523		OK	OK	OK	OK	OK
5	96.9533		OK	OK	OK	NO	NO
6	76.4709		OK	OK	NO	NO	NO

Table 2. Minimum measurable signal selection

Left or right	Side lobe No.	Peak No.	Pos. X	Peak gray value	NVPCA peak gray value	R_gray	Mean R_gray	Gray integration	NVPCA gray integration	R_int	Mean R_int
Left	1	6	160	553.11	705.46	1.2754	1.2600	7857.4	9993.5	1.2719	1.2524
	2	5	133	271.83	348.23	1.2811		3672.8	4662.0	1.2693
	3	4	107	156.29	198.13	1.2677		2118.1	2656.7	1.2543
	4	3	82	108.94	138.09	1.2676		1373.0	1705.1	1.2419
	5	2	49	77.00	99.06	1.2865		948.7	1182.8	1.2468
Right	1	11	354	543.42	705.46	1.2982		7553.9	9627.3	1.2745
	2	12	381	290.45	372.24	1.2816		3613.7	4602.0	1.2735
	3	13	410	162.31	201.13	1.2392		2088.1	2647.7	1.2680
	4	14	432	121.49	129.08	1.0625		1109.8	1383.9	1.2470
	5	15	462	82.87	111.07	1.3403		648	762.5	1.1767

Table 3. Enhancement of peak signal by NVPCA transformation (Y=256 pixel)

Type	Peak ring		Threshold（T_I）			Select
Before NVPCA	Ring No.	${\bar{P}}_{i}^{}$	k=3	k=4	k=5
	Ring No.	${\bar{P}}_{i}^{}$	63.8376	77.0646	90.2916
	1	538.9406	OK	OK	OK	k=3 T_I =63.8376 Ring No：4 $S_{m a x}^{}$ =56.5307
	2	259.9234	OK	OK	OK
	3	142.4719	OK	OK	OK
	4	86.3778	OK	OK	NO
	5	56.5307	NO	NO	NO
After NVPCA	Ring No.	${\bar{P}}_{i}^{}$	k=3	k=4	k=5
	Ring No.	${\bar{P}}_{i}^{}$	80.3869	97.392	114.3986
	1	715.3387	OK	OK	OK	k=3 T_I =80.38696 Ring No：5 $S_{m a x}^{}$ =96.9051
	2	355.7494	OK	OK	OK
	3	204.6672	OK	OK	OK
	4	133.5457	OK	OK	NO
	5	96.9051	OK	NO	NO

Table 4. Minimum measurable signal selection results before and after NVPCA transformation

Sidelobe No.	Peak No.	Peak mark	Pos. X	Left trough	Right trough	Peak value	Rise/fall	Pulse width	Gray integral
1	11	p₁	353	340	369	756.49	13/17	30	9657
2	12	p₂	383	369	394	363.24	14/12	26	4911
3	13	p₃	407	394	422	213.14	13/16	29	2690
4	14	p₄	433	422	450	141.09	11/18	29	1597
5	15	p₅	458	450	471	117.08	8/14	22	1032

Table 5. Conversion between 2D plane and one-dimensional curve peak parameter detection results (30°)

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Zhengzhou Wang, Li Wang, Yaxuan Duan, Gang Li, Jitong Wei. NVPCA Image Enhancement‑Based Detection Method for Sidelobe Peak Parameters in Weak Signal Regions[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(6): 0604003

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