This paper proposed a non-contact blood species recognition technique based on spectral detection and data driven model. A total of 649 blood samples were selected from 4 species (monkey 144, rat 203, dog 133, and human 169) as the original samples. The wavelength range of the super continuum laser source was 450～2 400 nm. The backward scattered visible spectrum (294～1 160 nm) and the forward scattered near-infrared spectra of ten different spatial sites were collected from each blood sample contained in anticoagulant tubes. Then the eleven spectra were sequentially connected into one-dimensional data as the original data of each sample. The principal component analysis was used to extract the feature information of the dataset, which retained 99.99% of the original variance information, while compressing the data amount to 1.5% of the original data volume, such to improve the computational efficiency of classification and recognition. Experiments on different numbers of training sets and verification sets showed that the recognition error rate of ten-fold cross-validation decreases with the increase of the number of samples, and the increase of sample bank size can improve the recognition accuracy. Because the data driven model is a data stream processing model based on machine learning algorithms, in which a variety of different classification algorithms can be used to realize this model. By comparing the recognition effects of six algorithms (artificial neural network, support vector machine, partial least-squares regression, multiple linear regression, random forest and Nave Bayes), it was found that the recognition effects of different algorithms have the category differences, that is, the sort of these algorithms in terms of their correct recognition rate are different for different species. Therefore, when choosing the data driven model as a solution, in addition to considering the overall recognition rate of the algorithm, the scheme should also consider the category differences of the algorithm if there are additional requirements on the recognition effect of some certain categories.