The frequency spectrum of turbulence measured by common micro-temperature sensor is mostly below 20 Hz, which can not show the high frequency characteristics of atmospheric temperature fluctuation.This paper introduces the design of a broadband low noise micro-temperature sensor, the development of the corresponding instrument, and the real atmospheric temperature fluctuation measurement experiment. It is shown that the atmospheric temperature fluctuation has abundant high frequency information. The power spectrum of temperature fluctuation has power invariance in a wider frequency range. Some of the temperature spectrum has inflection points in the high frequency part, and decreases more steeply. The shape of the turbulence spectrum and the position of the inflection point are related to the turbulence intensity. This study broadens the research scope of temperature fluctuation power spectrum, provides high frequency turbulence spectrum information for theoretical research and technical application of light wave transmission, and provides measurements for non-Kolmogorov turbulence research.