A large number of traditional settlements are considered as a major part of China's excellent cultural heritages. These traditional settlements have been receiving increasing attention since the end of last century because they play an important role in promoting social and cultural constructions and can support social strategies, such as Chinese Great Rejuvenation. The theory of Cultural Landscape Genes of Traditional Settlement (CLGTS) proposed by Chinese scholars at the beginning of this century caters to the current social needs for preservation and development of traditional settlements and corresponding cultural heritages. CLGTS has attracted more and more scholars nationwide to analyze or interpret the core traditional cultural features of traditional settlements from the perspective of bioinformation. However, there is still a lack of research findings on the geographical information features of traditional settlement landscape genes and related understanding approaches. To explore this issue and find possible solutions, this work focuses on the following aspects: (1) People need conceptual, description, and measurement systems while analyzing and capturing geographical information. Because geographical information contains some key attributes that allow us to model the geographic world correctly, such as semantics, geometries, properties, dimensions, spatio-temporal frameworks, spatial association, existence states. (2) Traditional settlement landscape genes are one of the most special cultural elements due to their rich dialectical features. This shows that traditional settlement landscape genes are a potential way to understand the cultural characteristics of traditional settlements. In addition, traditional settlement landscape genes are also considered as the collections of cultural symbols. (3) In a wide range, we can extract rich geographic information from the traditional settlement landscape genes, such as spatial positioning, carriers, history, as well as cultures. According to the above, this work tries to establish the potential approaches to capture the geographical information connotation of traditional settlement landscape genes. Based on the practice and corresponding experiments, this work explores and proposes four methods: symbolization, data mining, family tree analysis, and spatial pattern mapping. It is well known that big spatio-temporal data is driving us to develop new methods or technologies to understand geographic information features of the world well. Through this work, it is clear that exploring the geographical information features of traditional settlement landscape genes is of great significance. Because this not only help us understand the traditional settlements and corresponding cultural heritages in depth but also help us extend the horizon of GIS discipline and promote the development of Human-GIS. In future work, we should pay more attention to exploring ways of understanding the mechanisms of geographic information features of traditional settlement landscape genes.