Fig. 1. 环形孔径超薄成像光学系统原理结构示意图Structure schematic diagram of ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Fig. 2. 环形孔径超薄成像系统外直径和遮拦比关系Diagram of outer diameter and obscuration ratio of ultrathin annular aperture imaging system
Fig. 3. 环形孔径超薄成像系统初始结构调制传递函数Initial structure modulation transfer function of ultrathin annular aperture imaging system
Fig. 4. 环形孔径超薄成像系统初始结构的点列图和倍率色差Initial structure geometric of ultrathin annular aperture imaging system spot diagramand chromatic aberration
Fig. 5. 折衍射混合环形孔径超薄成像系统结构Structure of refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Fig. 6. 优化后折衍射混合环形孔径超薄成像系统的点列图和倍率色差Comparison of lateral color between the initial structure and optimized refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Fig. 7. 折衍射混合环形孔径超薄成像系统调制传递函数MTF of the designed refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Fig. 8. 折衍射混合环形孔径超薄成像系统衍射面特征参量曲线Characteristic parameter curve diffraction plane of refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Fig. 9. 折衍射混合环形孔径超薄成像系统不同温度下的MTF曲线MTF curves of refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Fig. 10. 折衍射混合环形孔径超薄成像系统不同温度下的倍率色差Lateral color aberration of refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Structural type | Track | Diameter | Volume | Conventional | 1.00 | 1.0 | 1.00 | Four reflection (PMMA) | 0.37 | 1.4 | 0.72 | Six reflection (PMMA) | 0.25 | 1.7 | 0.73 | Eight reflection (PMMA) | 0.19 | 2.3 | 1.00 |
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Table 1. Size comparison of ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system and F/1.2 traditional optical system with focal length 35 mm
Parameter | Value | Effective Focal length | 35 mm | Thickness | ≤15 mm | Field of view | 5.4° | Outer diameter | 40.6 mm | Effective aperture diameter | 29 mm | Detector | Omnivision 3 620 |
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Table 2. Design index of ultrathin annular aperture imaging system
Surface | Radius | Thickness | Glass | Obj | ∞ | ∞ | —— | Stop | -229.8 | 14.8 | PMMA | Even Asphere | -70.8 | -14.1 | MIRROR | Even Asphere | -140.3 | 12.4 | MIRROR | Even Asphere | 156.3 | -12.7 | MIRROR | Even Asphere | 82.3 | 12.3 | MIRROR | 6 | -14.3 | 0.4 | —— | IMA | ∞ | —— | —— |
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Table 3. Initial structural parameters of ultrathin annular aperture imaging system
Surface | Radius | Thickness | Glass | Obj | ∞ | ∞ | —— | 1 stop | -1 805.51 | 15 | PMMA | 2 | -74.27 | -15 | MIRROR | 3 | -120.68 | 12.6 | MIRROR | 4 | 443.55 | -12.7 | MIRROR | 5 | 118.54 | 12.2 | MIRROR | 6 DOE | -9.29 | 0.4 | —— | IMA | ∞ | —— | —— |
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Table 4. Parameters of optimized refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Surface | Aspheric correction coefficient | A4 | A6 | A8 | 1 | 2.39×10-6 | -5.34×10-9 | 3.65×10-12 | 2 | -7.14×10-7 | -1.83×10-9 | 1.75×10-12 | 3 | -1.76×10-5 | -2.95×10-8 | -1.74×10-10 | 4 | -5.38×10-5 | 1.18×10-7 | -1.61×10-10 | 5 | -6.44×10-5 | -6.36×10-7 | 4.93×10-9 | 6 DOE | 1.4×10-2 | -3.22×10-3 | 3.01×10-4 |
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Table 5. Aspheric coefficient of refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Tolerance | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Vertex radius of curvature/mm | ±0.05 | ±0.005 | ±0.005 | ±0.05 | ±0.05 | ±0.01 | Thickness/μm | ±2 | ±2 | ±2 | ±2 | ±2 | | DEC/μm | ±7.5 | ±2 | ±2 | ±2 | ±2 | ±2 | Tilt | ±1.8′ | ±15″ | ±15″ | ±20″ | ±20″ | ±2′ | PV at 546 nm | 0.40λ | 0.2λ | 0.2λ | 0.40λ | 0.40λ | 0.40λ |
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Table 6. Fabrication tolerance for refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Field | Diffraction MTF tangential | | Diffraction MTF sagittal | Nominal | Estimated | | Nominal | Estimated | 0° | 0.545 | 0.31 | | 0.524 | 0.35 | 1.35° | 0.463 | 0.21 | 0.451 | 0.2 | 2.7° | 0.452 | 0.26 | 0.502 | 0.33 |
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Table 7. MTF values of all fields for refractive diffraction hybrid ultrathin annular aperture imaging optical system
Field of view/(°) | 0 ℃ | | 20 ℃ | | 40 ℃ | Tangential | Sagittal | | Tangential | Sagittal | | Tangential | Sagittal | 0 | 0.28 | 0.28 | | 0.36 | 0.36 | | 0.32 | 0.32 | 1.35 | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.42 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.28 | 1.9 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.43 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 | 2.7 | 0.31 | 0.3 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.29 | 0.39 |
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Table 8. Value of MTF of each field of view at different temperatures