• Frontiers of Optoelectronics
  • Vol. 9, Issue 2, 206 (2016)
Swapnajit CHAKRAVARTY1、*, Xiangning CHEN2、3, Naimei TANG2, Wei-Cheng LAI2, Yi ZOU2, Hai YAN2, and Ray T. CHEN1、2
Author Affiliations
  • 1Omega Optics Inc., Austin, TX, 78757, USA
  • 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
  • 3School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
  • show less
    DOI: 10.1007/s12200-016-0631-2 Cite this Article
    Swapnajit CHAKRAVARTY, Xiangning CHEN, Naimei TANG, Wei-Cheng LAI, Yi ZOU, Hai YAN, Ray T. CHEN. Review of design principles of 2D photonic crystal microcavity biosensors in silicon and their applications[J]. Frontiers of Optoelectronics, 2016, 9(2): 206 Copy Citation Text show less
    References

    [1] Engvall E, Perlmann P. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) quantitative assay of immunoglobulin G. Immunochemistry, 1971, 8(9): 871–874

    [2] Towbin H, Staehelin T, Gordon J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure

    [3] Kevil C G, Walsh L, Laroux F S, Kalogeris T, Grisham M B, Alexander J S. An Improved, Rapid Northern Protocol. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications, 1977, 238(2): 277–279

    [4] Ren H C, Vollmer F, Arnold S, Libchaber A. High-Q microsphere biosensor-analysis for adsorption of rodlike bacteria. Optics Express, 2007, 15(25): 17410–17423

    [5] ípová H, Zhang S, Dudley A M, Galas D, Wang K, Homola J. Surface plasmon resonance biosensor for rapid label-free detection of microribonucleic acid at subfemtomole level. Analytical Chemistry, 2010, 82(24): 10110–10115

    [6] Densmore A, Vachon M, Xu D X, Janz S, Ma R, Li Y H, Lopinski G, Delage A, Lapointe J, Luebbert C C, Liu Q Y, Cheben P, Schmid J H. Silicon photonic wire biosensor array for multiplexed real-time and label-free molecular detection. Optics Letters, 2009, 34(23): 3598–3600

    [7] Luff B J, Wilkinson J S, Piehler J, Hollenbach U, Ingenhoff J, Fabricius N. Integrated optical Mach-Zehnder biosensor. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1998, 16(4): 583–592

    [8] Fang Y, Ferrie A M, Fontaine N H, Mauro J, Balakrishnan J. Resonant waveguide grating biosensor for living cell sensing. Biophysical Journal, 2006, 91(5): 1925–1940

    [9] Iqbal M, Gleeson M A, Spaugh B, Tybor F, Gunn W G, Hochberg M, Baehr-Jones T, Bailey R C, Gunn L C. Label-free biosensor arrays based on silicon ring resonators and high-speed optical scanning instrumentation. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2010, 16(3): 654–661

    [10] Kang C, Phare C T, Vlasov Y A, Assefa S, Weiss S M. Photonic crystal slab sensor with enhanced surface area. Optics Express, 2010, 18(26): 27930–27937

    [11] Block I D, Chan L L, Cunningham B T. Photonic crystal optical biosensor incorporating structured low-index porous dielectric. Sensors and Actuators. B, Chemical, 2006, 120(1): 187–193

    [12] Skivesen N, Têtu A, Kristensen M, Kjems J, Frandsen L H, Borel P I. Photonic-crystal waveguide biosensor. Optics Express, 2007, 15 (6): 3169–3176

    [13] Vashist S K, Luppa P B, Yeo L Y, Ozcan A, Luong J H T. Emerging technologies for next-generation point-of-care testing. Trends in Biotechnology, 2015, 33(11): 692–705

    [14] Liang P S, Park T S, Yoon J Y. Rapid and reagentless detection of microbial contamination within meat utilizing a smartphone-based biosensor. Scientific Reports, 2014, 4(5953): 5953

    [15] Chakravarty S, Topol’ancik J, Bhattacharya P, Chakrabarti S, Kang Y, Meyerhoff M E. Ion detection with photonic crystal microcavities. Optics Letters, 2005, 30(19): 2578–2580

    [16] Lee M R, Fauchet P M. Two-dimensional silicon photonic crystal based biosensing platform for protein detection. Optics Express, 2007, 15(8): 4530–4535

    [17] Song B S, Noda S, Asano T, Akahane Y. Ultra-high-Q photonic double heterostructure nanocavity. Nature Materials, 2005, 4(3): 207–210

    [18] Tan C P, Cipriany B R, Lin D M, Craighead H G. Nanoscale resolution, multicomponent biomolecular arrays generated by aligned printing with parylene peel-off. Nano Letters, 2010, 10(2): 719–725

    [19] Akahane Y, Asano T, Song B S, Noda S. High-Q photonic nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal. Nature, 2003, 425 (6961): 944–947

    [20] Lin C Y, Wang X, Chakravarty S, Lee B S, Lai W C, Chen R T. Wideband group velocity independent coupling into slow light silicon photonic crystal waveguide. Applied Physics Letters, 2010, 97(18): 183302

    [21] Lai W C, Chakravarty S, Zou Y, Chen R T. Silicon nano-membrane based photonic crystal microcavities for high sensitivity biosensing. Optics Letters, 2012, 37(7): 1208–1210

    [22] Chakravarty S, Zou Y, Lai W C, Chen R T. Slow light engineering for high Q high sensitivity photonic crystal microcavity biosensors in silicon. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2012, 38(1): 170–176

    [23] Zou Y, Chakravarty S, Kwong D N, LaiWC, Xu X, Lin X, Hosseini A, Chen R T. Cavity-waveguide coupling engineered high sensitivity silicon photonic crystal microcavity biosensors with high yield. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2014, 20(4): 6900710

    [24] Lai W C, Chakravarty S, Zou Y, Guo Y, Chen R T. Slow light enhanced sensitivity of resonance modes in photonic crystal biosensors. Applied Physics Letters, 2013, 102(4): 041111

    [25] Mortensen N A, Xiao S, Pedersen J. Liquid-infiltrated photonic crystals-enhanced light-matter interactions for lab-on-achip applications. Microfluidics & Nanofluidics, 2008, 4: 117

    [26] Chakravarty S, Hosseini A, Xu X, Zhu L, Zou Y, Chen R T. Analysis of ultra-high sensitivity configuration in chip-integrated photonic crystal microcavity bio-sensors Applied Physics Letters, 2014, 104(19): 191109

    [27] Mehta K K, Orcutt J S, Ram R J. Fano line shapes in transmission spectra of silicon photonic crystal resonators. Applied Physics Letters, 2013, 102(8): 081109

    [28] White I M, Fan X. On the performance quantification of resonant refractive index sensors. Optics Express, 2008, 16(2): 1020–1028

    [29] Lai W C, Chakravarty S, Wang X, Lin C Y, Chen R T. Photonic crystal slot waveguide absorption spectrometer for on-chip nearinfrared spectroscopy of xylene in water. Applied Physics Letters, 2011, 98(2): 023304

    [30] McMahon R J, Avidin-Biotin Interactions: Methods and Applications. Berlin: Humana Press, 2008, 90

    [31] Rahimi S, Hosseini A, Xu X, Subbaraman H, Chen R T. Groupindex independent coupling to band engineered SOI photonic crystal waveguide with large slow-down factor. Optics Express, 2011, 19(22): 21832–21841

    [32] Nagahara K, Morifuji M, Kondow M. Optical coupling between a cavity mode and a waveguide in a two-dimensional photonic crystal. Photonics and Nanostructures- Fundamentals and Applications, 2011, 9(9): 261–268

    [33] Subramanian A, Kennel S J, Oden P I, Jacobson K B, Woodward J, Doktycz M J. Comparisons of techniques for enzyme immobilization on silicon supports. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 1999, 24(1-2): 26–34

    [34] Nelson D L, Cox M M. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. 5th ed. New York: W. H. Freeman Macmillan, 2008

    [35] de Feijter J A, Benjamins J, Veer F A. Ellipsometry as a tool to study the adsorption behavior of synthetic and biopolymers at the air– water interface. Biopolymers, 1978, 17(7): 1759–1772

    [36] Kuo S C, Lauffenburger D A. Relationship between receptor/ligand binding affinity and adhesion strength. Biophysical Journal, 1993, 65(5): 2191–2200

    [37] de Groote D, Marchant A, Fauchet F, Jadoul M, Dehart I, Gérard C, Gevaert Y, Lopez M, Gathy R, Franssen J D, Radoux D, Franchimont P J. Characterisation of monoclonal antibodies against human interleukin-10 and their use in an ELISA for the measurement of this cytokine. Journal of Immunological Methods, 1994, 177(1-2): 225–234

    [38] Scullion M G, Di Falco A, Krauss T F. Slotted photonic crystal cavities with integrated microfluidics for biosensing applications. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2011, 27(1): 101–105

    [39] Li H, Fan X. Characterization of sensing capability of optofluidic ring resonator biosensors. Applied Physics Letters, 2010, 97(1): 011105

    [40] Barrios C A. Optical slot-waveguide based biochemical sensors. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2009, 9(6): 4751–4765

    [41] de Vos K, Bartolozzi I, Schacht E, Bienstman P, Baets R. Siliconon- Insulator microring resonator for sensitive and label-free biosensing. Optics Express, 2007, 15(12): 7610–7615

    [42] Carlborg C F, Gylfason K B, Ka mierczak A, Dortu F, Ba uls Polo M J, Maquieira Catala A, Kresbach G M, Sohlstr m H, Moh T, Vivien L, Popplewell J, Ronan G, Barrios C A, Stemme G, van der Wijngaart W. A packaged optical slot-waveguide ring resonator sensor array for multiplex label-free assays in labs-on-chips. Lab on a Chip, 2010, 10(3): 281–290

    [43] Dorfner D, Zabel T, Hurlimann T, Hauke N, Frandsen L, Rant U, Abstreiter G, Finley J. Photonic crystal nanostructures for optical biosensing applications. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2009, 24 (12): 3688–3692

    [44] Mandal S, Erickson D. Nanoscale optofluidic sensor arrays. Optics Express, 2008, 16(3): 1623–1631

    [45] Zlatanovic S, Mirkarimi L W, Sigalas M M, Bynum M A, Chow E, Robotti K M, Burr G W, Esener S, Grot A. Photonic crystal microcavity sensor for ultracompact monitoring of reaction kinetics and protein concentration. Sensors and Actuators. B, Chemical, 2009, 141(1): 13–19

    [46] Zou Y, Chakravarty S, Lai W C, Lin C Y, Chen R T. Methods to array photonic crystal microcavities for high throughput high sensitivity biosensing on a silicon-chip based platform. Lab on a Chip, 2012, 12(13): 2309–2312

    [47] Guillermain E, Fauchet P M. Resonant microcavities coupled to a photonic crystal waveguide for multichannel biodetection. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 2009, 1191

    [48] Pottier P, Gnan M, De La Rue R M. Efficient coupling into slowlight photonic crystal channel guides using photonic crystal tapers. Optics Express, 2007, 15(11): 6569–6575

    [49] Zou Y, Chakravarty S, Zhu L, Chen R T. The role of group index engineering in series-connected photonic crystal microcavities for high density sensor microarrays. Applied Physics Letters, 2014, 104 (14): 141103

    [50] Chakravarty S, Lai W C, Zou Y, Drabkin H A, Gemmill R M, Simon G R, Chin S H, Chen R T. Multiplexed specific label-free detection of NCI-H358 lung cancer cell line lysates with silicon based photonic crystal microcavity biosensors. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2013, 43: 50–55

    [51] Yang C J, Tang N, Yan H, Chakravarty S, Li D, Chen R T. 193 nm lithography fabricated high sensitivity photonic crystal microcavity biosensors for plasma protein detection in patients with pancreatic cancer. In: Proceedings of CLEO (Optical Society of America), San Jose, CA. 2015, STu4K.5

    [52] Yan H, Yang C J, Zou Y, Tang N, Chakravarty S, Chen R T. Wide dynamic range specific detection of therapeutic drugs by photonic crystal microcavity arrays. In: Proceedings of CLEO (Optical Society of America), San Jose, CA. 2015, STu4K.2

    [53] Yan H, Tang N, Chakravarty S, Blake DA, Chen RT. Highsensitivity high-throughput chip based biosensor array for multiplexed detection of heavy metals. 2016, submitted

    Swapnajit CHAKRAVARTY, Xiangning CHEN, Naimei TANG, Wei-Cheng LAI, Yi ZOU, Hai YAN, Ray T. CHEN. Review of design principles of 2D photonic crystal microcavity biosensors in silicon and their applications[J]. Frontiers of Optoelectronics, 2016, 9(2): 206
    Download Citation