Aimed at eliminating the effect of the environmental factors (especially the vibration and temperature fluctuation) for 3D profilometry measurement, a method based on the Sinusoidal Phase Modulation (SPM) is developed to stabilize the phase of fiber interference fringes. The system makes use of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure and Young’s double pinhole interference principle to achieve the high-density interference fringe projection of cosine distribution. The Fresnel reflection on the exit faces of two interference arms is used to generate a Michelson interference signal, which is detected by the Photoelectric Detector (PD) and send into Phase Control System (PCS). We extract the phase of the Michelson interference signal, then feedback the compensation signal to the Piezoelectric Transducer (PZT)driver, and drive the PZT with sinusoidal phase modulating signal together. The phase shift brought by the environmental factors can be compensated, and a well stability of the fringe phase can be achieved. The phase shift can be reduced to 57mrad, and experiment has verified the feasibility of the proposed method.