In order to better realize the resource utilization of heavy metal sludge, ground powder mixed with heavy metal sludge and architecture sediment for high-temperature harmless treatment was investigated on the work performance, mechanical properties, early shrinkage deformation, chloride ion permeability resistance, and heavy metal leaching of Portland cement-based materials. The results show that with the increase of ground powder content, the work performance of Portland cement-based materials does not decrease, but the mechanical properties decrease to a certain extent, which indicates that the water requirement ratio of ground powder and Portland cement is not much different. But the larger the content of ground powder is, the lower the cement content in cement-based materials is, and the strength decreases to a certain extent. The ground powder does not cause the volume stability of the Portland cement-based materials and improves the early crack resistance, but it reduces chloride ion permeability resistance. The leaching concentration of heavy metals and the decrease of water-binder ratio are negatively correlated with the increase of age, and the leaching amount of heavy metals Cu, Ni, Zn and Cr in Portland cement-based materials containing 40% (mass fraction) ground powder at 28 d is lower than the limit value of cement clinker leaching concentration specified in GB 30760-2014 “Technical specification for cement kiln cooperative disposal of solid waste”.