Pulsed fiber lasers have raised extensive attentions for their great application prospects in material processing and fabrication, optical communications, biomedical fields and research of nonlinearity. Saturable absorbers(SA) are used to obtain pulsed laser, two-dimensional materials have unique optical and electrical properties, which have many applications in the fields of optical and optoelectronic devices. In particular, they are widely used in pulsed fiber lasers, due to the features including saturable absorption, simple preparation process, easy integration with optical fiber systems, wide operating wavelength. This article reviews the pulsed fiber laser applications based on the integration of two-dimensional materials and optical fibers, and dicusses the external field controls of such pulsed fiber lasers.