In order to improve the performance of high performance image intensifier in low-light-level night vision systems, the modulation transfer function models of the proximity image intensifier and its parts were summarized, and the structures and electrical parameters of the Super Gen. II and Super Gen. III image intensifiers were reviewed. The image intensifier and its modulation transfer function distribution were studied respectively, further their impact on the resolution limit as well as the channel width of the image intensifier was investigated. The results show that the performance of the screen and the modulation transfer function distribution should be improved to further improve the performance of the image intensifier, channel width can be an effective parameter to evaluate the modulation transfer function distribution of the image intensifier. The results have theoretical significance for the development of high performance image intensifiers.