Author Affiliations
1College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang , China2College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang , China3Avic Harbin Aircraft Industry Group Co., Ltd., Harbin 150066, Heilongjiang , Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Rayleigh line and Hugoniot curve
Fig. 2. One dimensional model of laser plasma detonation wave
Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of laser plasma detonation wave formation under shock wave mechanism
Fig. 4. Diagram of human blood vessels
Fig. 5. Distribution of detonation wave pressure flow field at different time. (a) 5 ns; (b) 10 ns; (c) 20 ns
Fig. 6. Pressure curves at different locations in the direction of detonation wave propagation
Fig. 7. Diagram of fiber laser detonation wave promoting thrombus in blood vessel
Fig. 8. Simplified model of arterial vessel containing thrombus
Fig. 9. Cloud images of thrombus pressure flow field promoted by fiber laser at different time. (a) Artery, 0.01 μs; (b) artery, 0.05 μs; (c) artery, 0.5 μs; (d) vein, 0.01 μs; (e) vein, 0.05 μs; (f) vein, 0.5 μs
Fig. 10. Thrust analysis of arterial and venous thrombi in vessels
Fig. 11. Thrust curves under different laser energies
Fig. 12. Force curves of different propulsion targets
Fig. 13. Experimental schematic diagram. (a) System diagram; (b) physical drawing
Fig. 14. The movement of microsphere at different time with laser energy of 25 μJ. (a) 0 ms; (b) 0.25 ms; (c) 3.25 ms; (d) 4 ms
Fig. 15. Experiments of underwater microsphere clusters driven by conical optical fiber. (a) Microsphere particle cluster; (b) breaking up microsphere cluster; (c) removal effect
Physical property | Value |
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Density /(kg·m-3) | 1050‒1060 | Specific heat /(J·kg-1·K-1) | 3770 | Thermal conductivity /(W·m-1·K-1) | 0.52 | Temperature /℃ | 38±0.3 | pH | 7.35‒7.45 | Viscosity | Non-Newtonian fluid | Relative viscosity | 4‒5 | Blood diastolic pressure /mmHg | 90‒139 | Blood systolic pressure /mmHg | 60‒89 |
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Table 1. Physical parameters of the blood
Non-Newtonian parameter | Value |
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Consistency index | 0.644 | Power-law index | 0.392 | Minimum viscosity limit | 0.0022 | Maximum viscosity limit | 0.022 |
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Table 2. Non-Newtonian fluid parameters of the blood
Blood environment | Density / (kg·m-3) | Specific heat / (J·kg-1·K-1) | Thermal conductivity / (W·m-1·K-1) | Pressure / kPa | Vascular diameter /mm | Velocity of flow / (cm·s-1) | Viscosity |
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Arteriae lower extremis | 1050 | 3770 | 0.52 | 18.7 | 5 | 30 | Non-Newtonian fluid | Venae lower extremis | 1050 | 3770 | 0.52 | 10 | 10 | 10 | Non-Newtonian fluid |
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Table 3. Physical parameters of the two blood environments