An algorithm to inverse near infrared images based on visible light images and reflectance of typical target was proposed, according to the relationship between digital number of near infrared images and digital number of visible light images and reflectance of typical targets. In order to gain its relationship, two experiments were carried out. Firstly, radiometric calibration of camera in visible and near infrared waveband (0.38~1.1 μm) was conducted by using integrating sphere; secondly, visible light images and near infrared images of some typical targets were obtained by the camera; at the same time, the spectral reflectance which ranges from 0.38 μm to 1.1 μm for those typical targets was obtained by spectrometer under the same weather conditions. The atmospheric transmittance was also considered. The inversion result shows that the proposed algorithm can better reflect the characteristics of typical target in near infrared waveband, and this work lays a solid foundation to achieve the near infrared scene simulation.