• Chinese Optics Letters
  • Vol. 23, Issue 6, 060602 (2025)
Chenchen Wang, Zhipei Li*, Ze Dong, Junyuan Song..., Ran Gao, Dong Guo, Huan Chang, Lei Zhu, Xiaolong Pan, Tianle Mai, Shanting Hu and Xiangjun Xin|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/COL202523.060602 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Chenchen Wang, Zhipei Li, Ze Dong, Junyuan Song, Ran Gao, Dong Guo, Huan Chang, Lei Zhu, Xiaolong Pan, Tianle Mai, Shanting Hu, Xiangjun Xin, "Highly robust and hardware-efficient frame synchronization and carrier recovery via pilot-only approaches for short-reach optical interconnections," Chin. Opt. Lett. 23, 060602 (2025) Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    We propose a cost-effective scheme relying exclusively on pilot symbols for robust frame synchronization and high-precision, wide-range carrier recovery in short-reach optical interconnects. Our method mitigates phase offsets and enhances phase tracking by strategically placing dual-polarization pilot symbols, both aligned and misaligned, within the frame. Compared to traditional carrier recovery schemes, our approach offers a broader frequency offset estimation range, higher carrier recovery accuracy, and significantly lower computational complexity. Experimental results show a 0.7 dB sensitivity improvement at the soft decision forward error correction threshold, outperforming Fourier transform-based frequency offset estimation combined with blind phase search.
    {rx,k=px,kejΔωk+θk+nx,kry,k=py,kejΔωk+θk+φ+ny,k,

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    {zx,k=ejΔωk+θk+nx,k*zy,k=ejΔωk+θk+φ+ny,k*,

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    ΔΦk=arg(zy,k+M·zx,k*)Δn*+φ.

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    ΔΦk=arg(zy,k+M·zx,k*)M·Δω+ΔθM+ΔnM*+φ.

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    φ˜=1Sk=1Sarg(zy,k·zx,k*),φ={φ˜2π,φ˜πφ˜+2π,φ˜π.

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    Δfest1=1L1L1(ΔΦkφ).

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    1M×2×TsΔfest1M×2×Ts.

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    ΔΦk=M·Δω+ΔθM+ΔnM*+φ.

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    Chenchen Wang, Zhipei Li, Ze Dong, Junyuan Song, Ran Gao, Dong Guo, Huan Chang, Lei Zhu, Xiaolong Pan, Tianle Mai, Shanting Hu, Xiangjun Xin, "Highly robust and hardware-efficient frame synchronization and carrier recovery via pilot-only approaches for short-reach optical interconnections," Chin. Opt. Lett. 23, 060602 (2025)
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