The high-power laser device needs to complete optical path self-alignment, analog optical alignment and optical docking alignment before physical experiment starting. With the deepening of physical experiments, the optical docking alignment process of high-power laser device encounters some new problems. First of all, the number of optical targets has changed. In the previous optical docking alignment process, alignment task was performed with the analog laser source turned off. There was only one main laser target in the docking alignment image. Now, in order to reduce the influence of the drift alignment accuracy of the main laser target, the analog laser source is no longer turned off in the alignment process, which means an optical path alignment image contains both an analog laser target and a main laser target. Moreover, optical docking alignment mathematical model has changed, too. In the original high-power laser device, the automatic alignment of 8-path beams adopted the same unit alignment model. The original mathematical model has only one optical target in alignment image instead of multiple optical targets. And the original mathematical model is only for a single-path beam, and the parameter information of multi-path beams is not reflected in the mathematical model. Finally, the docking alignment process of high-power laser was executed in serial in the past, which greatly affected the alignment efficiency. In order to solve the above problems, this paper makes improvements from the following three aspects. For the first problem, according to the characteristics of different optical targets in optical docking alignment images, a dual-optical target recognition algorithm based on circle fitting algorithm is proposed. This algorithm uses the edge pixels of optical objects to perform circle fitting, then calculates their circle fitting ratio. Different optical targets can be recognized by comparing their circle fitting ratio. However, in some special situations, the difference between the circle fitting ratio of the analog laser target and the main laser target is very slight. It is not effective to recognize the dual targets only by the circle fitting ratio. Therefore, a new parameter, based on the circle fitting coefficient, BLOB region number is added as a supplement to the circle fitting coefficient to jointly determine the final target recognition result. For the second problem, this paper build a new automatic alignment mathematical model based on multi-optical path and dual-target. The new mathematical model embodies the characteristics of optical targets well, and improves convergence condition, which could judge whether the distance between the main laser center and target position is less than the given error threshold. For the last problem, this paper improves the efficiency of optical docking alignment by parallel alignment multiple optical paths. The experimental results show that the dual-optical target recognition algorithm proposed in this paper based on circle fitting can recognize analog laser target and main laser target well. Besides, the recognition error accuracy is less than 3 pixels, and the processing time is less than 1 second, which meets the accuracy and efficiency requirements of optical docking alignment of the high-power laser device. Simultaneously, the automatic alignment mathematical model constructed in this paper based on multiple optical paths and dual targets has great significance for the success of optical docking alignment.